| Function: | Antibiotic and Antimicrobial Agents |
|---|---|
| Certification: | GMP |
| Grade Standard: | Medicine Grade |
| Type: | API |
| State: | Powder |
| Volatile: | Not Volatile |
| Samples: |
|---|
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| Clinical Use | Amoxicillin, 6-[D-(-)-α-amino-p- hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid (Amoxil, Larotid, Polymox), a semisyntheticpenicillin introduced in 1974, is simply the p-hydroxyanalog of ampicillin, prepared by acylation of 6-APA with phydroxyphenylglycine.Its antibacterial spectrum is nearly identical with that ofampicillin, and like ampicillin, it is resistant to acid, susceptibleto alkaline and β-lactamase hydrolysis, andweakly protein bound. Early clinical reports indicated thatorally administered amoxicillin possesses significantadvantages over ampicillin, including more complete GIabsorption to give higher plasma and urine levels, lessdiarrhea, and little or no effect of food on absorption.50Thus, amoxicillin has largely replaced ampicillin for thetreatment of certain systemic and urinary tract infectionsfor which oral administration is desirable. Amoxicillin isreportedly less effective than ampicillin in the treatment ofbacillary dysentery, presumably because of its greater GIabsorption. Considerable evidence suggests that oral absorptionof α-aminobenzyl-substituted penicillins (e.g.,ampicillin and amoxicillin) and cephalosporins is, at leastin part, carrier mediated, thus explaining their generallysuperior oral activity.Amoxicillin is a fine, white to off-white, crystallinepowder that is sparingly soluble in water. It is available invarious oral dosage forms. Aqueous suspensions are stablefor 1 week at room temperature. |
| Clinical Use | Isolates should be tested for susceptibility before use, especially for serious infections. Ear, nose and throat infections other than pharyngitis, which may mask glandular fever Tracheobronchitis, bronchitis, pneumonia Genitourinary tract infections, including gonorrhea Infections of skin and soft tissues due to streptococci and susceptible staphylococci Helicobacter pylori infection (in combination with a proton pump inhibitor and at least one other antimicrobial agent such as clarithromycin) Prophylaxis of endocarditis in patients undergoing dental treatment and other procedures |
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